منابع مشابه
Levorphanol: Revisiting an Underutilized Analgesic
Levorphanol (levo-3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan) is a step 3 opioid first developed in the 1940s as an alternative to morphine. Levorphanol belongs to the morphinan opioid series. Levorphanol has greater potency than morphine and is a potent N-methyl-d aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. Levorphanol interferes with the uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, which makes it potentially useful for neuropa...
متن کاملIs Levorphanol a Better Option than Methadone?
Background. Methadone has been a stalwart pharmacologic option for the management of opioid drug dependence for many years. It substitutes for opioid agonists and possesses certain pharmacokinetic properties that confer characteristics preferable to those of other opioids for this application. Methadone is likewise used as an option for the treatment of pain, particularly chronic pain. It has a...
متن کاملIs levorphanol a better option than methadone?
BACKGROUND Methadone has been a stalwart pharmacologic option for the management of opioid drug dependence for many years. It substitutes for opioid agonists and possesses certain pharmacokinetic properties that confer characteristics preferable to those of other opioids for this application. Methadone is likewise used as an option for the treatment of pain, particularly chronic pain. It has a ...
متن کاملLevorphanol: An Optimal Choice for Opioid Rotation
Levorphanol, termed “the forgotten opioid,” is a potent opioid analgesic available for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. It was first approved in 1953, and it has a wide range of ascending and descending pain pathway receptor-mediated pharmacological activities, including mu, delta, and kappa (kappa 1 and 3) opioid agonism; N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonism; and reuptake inhibition...
متن کاملLevorphanol use: past, present and future.
Levorphanol is a potent opioid analgesic that was first approved for use in the United States in 1953. Levorphanol is approved for use in moderate to severe pain where an opioid analgesic is appropriate. Levorphanol has a wide range of activities including mu opioid agonism, delta agonism, kappa1 and kappa3 receptor agonism, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism and reuptake inhibition of bo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Anaesthesia
سال: 1991
ISSN: 0003-2409,1365-2044
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1991.tb11734.x